Running your survey

Everything you need to run the survey well: a plan for introducing it, a ready-made template for your preferred survey platform, and a guide to coding responses for upload into Data Analytics.

A note on survey items

To keep Prior Work free and open, the survey uses two openly-licensed instruments - the HSE Management Standards Indicator Tool (Open Government Licence v3.0) and the Kessler K10 (public domain) - plus bespoke items for the remaining constructs, released under CC BY-SA 4.0. The item bank is new and improves over time; versions are tracked in the construct catalogue.

Before you launch

How you introduce the survey shapes whether people respond honestly, whether leadership acts on results, and whether change follows. A few things to get right before the link goes out.

Consult workers, don't just inform them

Under WHS law, workers must be consulted on matters affecting their health and safety. Involve elected HSRs - their visible support is the biggest lever on participation.

Tell people what the survey is for

Not a performance review, not about individual wellbeing - it measures the conditions of work. Include middle managers; they often carry these hazards too.

Be specific about confidentiality

Results are aggregate only. Name who processes the data and how (e.g. "responses go to [platform], seen only by [name/role]"). Prior Work collects only the demographics needed for action planning.

Brief managers separately, and first

Managers hearing about it from their team first signals they're not part of the process. Cover what to say if asked, what they will and won't see, and their role. Elevated results reflect system conditions, not individual failure.

Always signpost what's coming next

Announce the date beforehand; name the next step afterwards (e.g. focus groups in [month]). Workers who know what's next stay engaged.

Leadership commitment in a visible channel

A short message from senior leadership: we want to know, we'll act, and no one is disadvantaged for honest answers. HR-only comms read as a compliance exercise; a leadership voice changes the dynamic.

Suggested timing & channels (click to expand)
WhenChannelMessage
2 weeks beforeTeam briefing / all-staff emailWhy we're doing this, what's confidential. Watch for the survey link on [date].
1 week beforeManager briefing (separate)Full briefing - what they'll see, what they won't, and their role.
Launch dayEmail + intranet + stand-upSurvey is live. Link, closes [date], ~10 minutes. Results feed into focus groups in [month].
MidpointReminder from senior leaderResponse rate nudge. Reiterate confidentiality. Closes [date].
After closeEmail to participantsThank you. Reviewing results. Watch for focus group invitations in [timeframe].
After focus groupsBriefing + written summaryThanks. Working through everything and will bring recommendations back. Updates in [month].

Which survey should I use?

APrior Work psychosocial survey

The standard instrument - 20 constructs, 86 items, 5-point Likert, pre-coded so no reverse-keying is required at coding time. Loads directly into Data Analytics.

Recommended if you don't already have a validated instrument, or if you want results comparable to Prior Work's general-workforce model.

BBring your own survey

Already running a survey? Upload data from any instrument - no need to match Prior Work's items. Code to L / M / H, export CSV, and map each column to a factor at upload.

See the coding guide and upload steps below.Jump to guide ↓

Survey instrument

What the survey measures - 20 constructs, 88 items (click to expand)
Role Overload4 items
Cognitive Demand4 items
Emotional Demand4 items
Role Ambiguity4 items
Role Conflict4 items
Work-Life Conflict4 items
Job Insecurity4 items
Job Control4 items
Supervisor Support4 items
Co-Worker Support4 items
Recognition4 items
Procedural Justice4 items
Change Consultation4 items
Workplace Relationships4 items
Development & Growth4 items
Meaningful Work4 items
Psychological Safety4 items
Work Engagement4 items
Burnout6 items
Psychological Distress (K10)10 items
Job demands
Job resources
Personal & growth resources
Outcomes

Survey instrument - ready to download

HSE MS items (Cousins et al. 2004; Open Government Licence v3.0), Kessler K10 items (public domain), and bespoke items (© 2026 Prior Work, CC BY-SA 4.0). Full construct definitions, references, and item-level provenance are in the construct catalogue.

Prior Work psychosocial survey (.csv)

88 items · 20 constructs · 5-point Likert (K10 uses its own none-to-all-of-the-time anchors) · pre-coded scores

Choosing a platform

Any platform supporting Likert items works. Integration requirement: CSV export, one row per respondent.

Microsoft Forms

Free with M365. Export to Excel then CSV. Familiar to most workers.

SurveyMonkey

Common in larger organisations. Paid plans needed for full export.

Qualtrics

Enterprise standard. Full export flexibility; good for complex distributions.

Coding surveys following completion

Prior Work expects responses coded L / M / Hper construct. The three steps below convert raw Likert responses for a 5-point scale in Excel. The same logic applies to a different scale on a bring-your-own instrument - just adjust the cutoffs to equal thirds of your scale range.

Note: If you've used the Prior Work template, the heavy lifting is already done - reverse-keyed items come pre-reversed, so you can run all three steps as-is. Reverse-keying only matters for a bring-your-own survey; see Option B below.

Where the cut-points sit

Construct mean - 5-point scale (1 to 5)
12.333.675
K10 distress total (10 to 50)
10203050

L low, M moderate, H high. Construct means split into equal thirds; K10 uses the ABS severity bands, so its high band is wider.

Step 1 - Calculate the construct mean

For each respondent and construct, average the item scores. Treat a subscale as missing when more than a quarter of its items are unanswered. For 4 items in columns B-E:

=AVERAGE(B2:E2)Excel screenshot showing the AVERAGE function calculating a construct mean

Step 2 - Apply the coding formula (5-point scale, 1-5)

With the construct mean in column A, this formula codes L / M / H by equal thirds of the scale.

=IF(A2<=2.33,"L",IF(A2<=3.67,"M","H"))Excel screenshot showing the L/M/H coding formula for a 5-point scale

Step 3 - K10 is scored differently

K10 items are summed, not averaged, giving a total from 10 to 50. Prior Work collapses the ABS severity bands into three: L = 10-19, M = 20-29, H = 30-50.

=IF(T2<20,"L",IF(T2<30,"M","H"))Excel screenshot showing the L/M/H coding formula for K10 totals

Bring your own survey

Option B - use your existing instrument

Already running a psychosocial or wellbeing survey? Bring that data in directly - no need to switch instruments or match Prior Work's items. Any combination of constructs works. Only requirement: code responses to L / M / H before uploading.

1

Code responses to L / M / H

Use the coding guide above. Formulas generalise to any Likert scale - adjust cutoffs to equal thirds of your scale range. Reverse-key items where required - see the note below.

2

Export as CSV - one row per respondent

One row per respondent, one column per construct. Column names can be anything - you map each to a factor at upload. Missing constructs are inferred by the model, not dropped.

3

Upload and nominate target factors

Load your CSV in Data Analytics. The upload flow maps columns to factors. Prior Work fits the model and produces a report for the constructs you measured.

Reverse-key items worded against their construct

Before coding your BYO survey items, ensure they are coded correctly. Some items, like Role Ambiguity and Workplace Relationships, are worded so a high answer reflects a low level of the construct - reverse-key these (apply 6 - rawon a 5-point scale) before averaging, so a high score always means a high level of the construct. The Prior Work template (Option A) already does this for you.

Note on benchmarking: Prior Work's general workforce model is calibrated from meta-analytic correlations in the work stress research. Different construct definitions or scale wordings make benchmark comparisons indicative rather than exact. Within-organisation tracking over time is unaffected.

Survey FAQ - response rates, demographics, translation, L/M/H coding, and more.

See FAQ →